Facebook co-founder Eduardo Saverin drew public ire last month following the revelation that he had renounced his U.S. citizenship, a move widely seen as a tax dodge. But thousands of wealthy foreigners are lining up to replace him, making investments here and putting themselves on a path to citizenship in the process.
The State Department expects to issue over 6,000 “investor visas” in the current fiscal year, which would be an all-time record. Other countries, meanwhile, are following the U.S.’s lead, keen to spur growth in lean economic times.
“Our goal is certainly job creation, and that’s what this program is all about,” said Bill Wright, a spokesman for U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. “At the same time, it’s allowing somebody from a foreign country to come and invest in our nation.”
Under the government’s EB-5 Immigrant Investor program, foreign investors can get conditional visas that allow them and their families to live, work and attend school in the U.S. To qualify for the visa, they must invest at least $1 million in a new or recently created business, or $500,000 for businesses in rural or high-unemployment areas.
The investment must be demonstrated to have created or preserved at least 10 full-time jobs for U.S. workers within two years. Assuming this condition is met, investors and their families go through the next process that grants them permanent resident status, which allows them to apply for U.S. citizenship three years later.
While the EB-5 program has been around since 1990, demand has been surging as of late, fueled in large part by China’s growing elite, who accounted for 70% of the roughly 3,500 investor visas issued last year. State Department officials expect the program’s quota of 10,000 visas per year, which includes visas given to the spouses and children of investors, to be filled for the first time ever within the next year or two.
Some critics of the U.S. program question the fairness of letting wealthy immigrants pay for special treatment, while others say investments and job creation claims need stricter vetting. Immigrants who arrive via the program have no guarantee of recovering their investments, and may face deportation if they don’t produce the required number of jobs.
Of the roughly 12,000 immigrants who’ve arrived on the EB-5 investor visa, just 39% have earned permanent residency, according to USCIS data. There’s also the lengthy application and approval process — a 2005 study by the Government Accountability Office said the program’s reputation for red tape had decreased interest among foreigners in prior years.
USCIS press secretary Christopher Bentley said in an email that the agency “continues to take steps to enhance [the EB-5 program’s] efficiency and integrity.” USCIS recently expanded the team of analysts responsible for evaluating EB-5 projects and proposals, he said.
Whatever the program’s problems, interest has been growing recently, and meanwhile, the U.S. has faced increasing competition from other countries trying to woo well-heeled foreigners with the promise of residency or citizenship. In January, Ireland announced a new residency program for immigrant investors, and Australia unveiled a similar program last month.
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