Visa Lawyer Blog

Articles Posted in Executive Actions

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gdj-ai-generated-9069946_1280President Donald Trump signed two executive orders on August 6, 2026, renewing his administration’s effort to restrict certain forms of birthright citizenship following a major Supreme Court defeat earlier this summer.

The new executive orders, “Ending Birth Tourism” and “Continuing to Protect the Meaning and Value of American Citizenship,” take a narrower approach than the administration’s original 2025 birthright-citizenship order.

The action comes after the Supreme Court’s June 30 decision in Trump v. Barbara. The Court held that children born in the United States to parents who are unlawfully present or only temporarily present in the country are “subject to the jurisdiction” of the United States and therefore are U.S. citizens at birth under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Executive Order Targets “Birth Tourism”

The first new order, “Ending Birth Tourism,” focuses primarily on immigration enforcement rather than directly redefining citizenship.

The order defines “birth tourism” as a foreign national entering the United States on a nonimmigrant visa for the purpose of giving birth in the United States. It also covers individuals or organizations that facilitate such travel. The administration argues that some foreign nationals misuse temporary visa classifications to enter the country specifically so their children will obtain U.S. citizenship.

The order gives the government broad authority to take measures against suspected birth-tourism activity including denying visas or admission, revoking travel authorization, removing individuals who participated in birth tourism, and potentially permanently barring individuals from entering the United States. The government may also take action against businesses or individuals that facilitate birth-tourism arrangements. Humanitarian and national-interest exceptions are permitted.

For foreign nationals traveling while pregnant, the practical impact will depend heavily on the regulations and guidance issued by the State Department and DHS, including how officers determine whether a person’s primary purpose for traveling is to give birth.

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succo-hammer-1675156_1280In another rapid development surrounding the controversial $100,000 H-1B consular processing fee, a federal court has temporarily allowed U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to continue collecting the fee while the government’s appeal moves forward.

Employers and foreign workers should prepare for continued uncertainty as the litigation unfolds.

What Happened?

On June 8, 2026, a federal district court in Massachusetts struck down USCIS’s implementation of the $100,000 H-1B fee, finding significant legal issues with the policy. However, just four days later, on June 12, 2026, the same court temporarily paused its ruling after the government filed an appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.

As a result, USCIS currently retains the authority to continue collecting the $100,000 fee for qualifying H-1B petitions involving consular notification while the appellate court reviews the case.

The government must formally request a stay from the First Circuit by June 18, 2026, for the temporary reinstatement to remain in effect.

The appeal is pending in State of California, et al. v. Mullin, et al., No. 26-1699 (1st Cir. June 12, 2026).

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USCIS is expected to pause or delay adjudication of certain immigration benefit requests that require fingerprint-based background checks following the agency’s implementation of a new enhanced FBI security vetting process.

The new process became effective on April 27, 2026.

According to reports, USCIS officers have been directed to submit pending applications for enhanced FBI background checks and to withhold final adjudication until the required security clearances are completed.

The initial group of impacted cases is expected to include applications for which fingerprints were already collected and submitted before April 27, 2026.

At a Glance

Applications requiring fingerprint-based background checks may be subject to an adjudication pause for enhanced security checks, based on new USCIS internal guidance

Affected case types are expected to include adjustment of status, asylum, naturalization, family-based green card sponsorship petitions, and other immigration benefit requests requiring biometrics (fingerprints).

For pending cases where fingerprints were submitted before April 27, USCIS officers are expected to re-submit the fingerprints already on file through the new FBI system. Applicants generally should not be required to take further action unless specifically instructed by USCIS.

Newly filed cases received after April 27 may also be placed in a processing queue while USCIS works through the backlog of pending cases requiring re-vetting. At this time, one reported exception appears to be U.S. citizenship applications where oath ceremonies have already been scheduled.

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barelydevi-bakery-4737781_1280Beginning March 1, 2026, the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) will restrict its flagship loan programs—like the 7(a) and 504 loans—to businesses that are 100 % owned by U.S. citizens or U.S. nationals whose primary residence is in the United States.

Under the revised policy, lawful permanent residents (green card holders) are no longer permitted to hold any ownership stake (direct or indirect) in businesses seeking SBA‑backed loans.

A notice published by the agency earlier this month explains, “SBA is requiring that 100% of all direct and/or indirect owners of a small business applicant be U.S. Citizens or U.S. Nationals who have their Principal Residence in the United States, its territories or possessions.”

This rule removes a long-standing exception that previously allowed limited minority ownership of up to 5% by non‑citizens (such as E-2 investors) or green card holders under certain conditions.

Officials say the new rules implement President Trump’s January 2025 executive order, “Protecting the American People Against Invasion,” described as an effort to enforce U.S. immigration laws and safeguard public safety.

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On January 21, the Trump administration quietly froze immigrant visa processing for people from 75 countries — a move that instantly threw thousands of families, workers, and employers into uncertainty.

Just weeks later, civil rights organizations and affected U.S. citizens who were separated from their family members have filed a federal lawsuit seeking to overturn the visa ban.

The government has described the pause on immigrant visa issuance as a temporary measure tied to concerns about immigrants becoming a “public charge.” But the new lawsuit argues that the freeze applies broadly, without individualized review, and affects people who have already spent years navigating the legal immigration system — including spouses of U.S. citizens and highly skilled workers with approved petitions.

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Nearly 200 immigrants, including six from Massachusetts, have filed a federal lawsuit against the U.S. government over a sudden pause in processing green cards, citizenship applications, and asylum petitions. The pause was announced by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) shortly after the Trump administration expanded travel restrictions to 39 countries—20 of them facing partial restrictions.

Why USCIS Paused Green Card Processing for Travel Ban Countries

USCIS has paused the processing of green card applications for individuals from countries subject to the travel ban to ensure that all applicants are thoroughly vetted before being allowed to enter or remain in the United States. The agency stated that the pause allows it to review and strengthen security screenings for people from the affected countries. According to the Department of Homeland Security, the temporary halt is intended to maximize the effectiveness of background checks and other vetting procedures, with the goal of protecting public safety while the agency implements the updated immigration restrictions.

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nils-huenerfuerst-xkq3mbthlh0-unsplash-scaledThe U.S. government has issued a revised travel ban that takes effect at 12:01 a.m. ET on January 1, 2026, significantly expanding restrictions on visa issuance for nationals of 39 countries and individuals travelling with Palestinian Authority–issued travel documents.

Under the new presidential proclamation, immigrant and nonimmigrant visas are fully suspended for nationals of 19 countries, which now include seven newly added nations. An additional 19 countries face partial restrictions — limiting immigrant visas and certain nonimmigrant categories (e.g., B, F, M, J visas). One country, Turkmenistan, now faces only immigrant visa restrictions.

Importantly, the ban does not revoke existing visas or apply to foreign nationals already in the United States on January 1, 2026, with valid visas. Other exceptions include U.S. lawful permanent residents, dual nationals travelling on a non-designated passport, certain diplomats, and athletes travelling for major events.

This expanded travel ban marks one of the most sweeping visa restrictions in recent U.S. policy, with potential impacts on U.S. employers, and visa holders.

What are the countries subject to full restrictions

The proclamation adds seven countries to the existing 12 countries whose nationals are barred from both immigrant and nonimmigrant visa issuance. The initial 12 countries with continued full visa restrictions are:

  • Afghanistan
  • Burma
  • Chad
  • Republic of Congo
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Eritrea
  • Haiti
  • Iran
  • Libya
  • Somalia
  • Sudan
  • Yemen

The proclamation adds the following seven countries to the full restriction list:

  • Burkina Faso
  • Laos (previously on the June travel ban “partially restricted” list)
  • Mali
  • Niger
  • Sierra Leone (previously on the June travel ban “partially restricted” list)
  • South Sudan
  • Syria

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visa-3653492_1280On December 2, 2025, USCIS issued a policy memorandum placing a hold on numerous immigration benefit requests and ordering the re-examination of previously approved cases.

What the Memo Says: Key Provisions

  • Pending benefit requests frozen for many nationals. USCIS is pausing processing of all pending immigration benefit requests if the applicant’s country of birth or citizenship is one of the 19 countries listed in the June 2025 travel ban.
  • Affected Benefit Requests: The pause will affect pending Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status), Form I-90 (Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card (Green Card)), Form N-470 (Application to Preserve Residence for Naturalization Purposes), Form I-751, (Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence), and Form I-131 (Application for Travel Documents, Parole Documents, and Arrival/Departure Records).
  • Re-review of approved benefits. Immigration benefits (green cards, status adjustments, travel documents, etc.) already approved may now be subject to re-review if the beneficiary entered the U.S. on or after January 20, 2021.
  • Asylum applications on pause — for everyone. All pending Forms I-589 (Asylum / Withholding of Removal applications) have been paused, regardless of nationality. The hold will remain in effect until lifted by the USCIS Director
  • Extensive list of potentially affected benefits. The freeze could impact I-485 adjustment-of-status applications, green-card renewals, travel documents, removal of conditional residence, preservation of residence for naturalization, and more. Employer-sponsored petitions may also face delays or uncertainty.

In short: thousands of pending and even approved immigration benefit cases could now be delayed or re-evaluated. The USCIS policy memorandum states that in light of recent threats to the American people:

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In the wake of a deadly shooting of two National Guard members in Washington, D.C., U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has been instructed to pause all asylum decisions until further notice.

Asylum officers at USCIS, a branch of the Department of Homeland Security, have been told to refrain from approving, denying or closing affirmative asylum applications received by the agency.

The directive comes after authorities reported that the perpetrator of the shooting was an Afghan national who had previously been granted asylum.

Officials have framed the pause as a measure to “reassess immigration and vetting procedures” in light of public safety concerns. This decision will create delays for thousands of asylum seekers who are already navigating a complex and uncertain system.

In-person appointments for applicants seeking updates on their cases are also canceled until further notice.

According to internal guidance, officers may continue conducting asylum interviews and reviewing cases up to the point of issuing a decision. “Once you’ve reached decision entry, stop and hold,” the directive stated.

On November 28th USCIS Director Joseph Edlow confirmed the news on X.

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ai-generated-8775233_1280On October 3, 2025, a coalition of labor unions, healthcare providers, academic institutions, and religious groups, filed a lawsuit urging a federal court to strike down the $100,000 fee imposed on new H-1B petitions by the Trump administration for workers outside the United States.

What the Lawsuit Says

The lawsuit, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, argues that the fee which took effect September 21, violates both the Immigration and Nationality Act and the Administrative Procedure Act. Plaintiffs claim the President lacks authority to unilaterally impose a fee of this kind, especially one designed to raise revenue or direct government spending.

The Trump administration’s sudden rollout of the H-1B fee caused immediate disruptions:

  • Workers abroad scrambled to return to the United States, paying steep travel costs.
  • Others inside the U.S. canceled planned international travel.
  • Some even asked to deplane midflight upon hearing the news.

The fee is seen by critics as a threat to institutions that rely heavily on skilled foreign workers—such as universities, health systems, and religious groups—particularly in fields already facing staffing shortages.

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